{"id":130,"date":"2009-12-31T14:49:29","date_gmt":"2009-12-31T13:49:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gazetebayern.de\/?p=130"},"modified":"2010-04-15T13:54:02","modified_gmt":"2010-04-15T12:54:02","slug":"kullerinden-dogan-sehirnurnberg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/?p=130","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcllerinden Dogan \u015eehir:N\u00fcrnberg"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bin y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi,<\/span><\/h1>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hitler\u2019in izini yok etmeye kararl\u0131<\/p>\n

m\u00fcttefiklerin bombard\u0131man\u0131 alt\u0131nda yok olan Almanya\u2019n\u0131n N\u00fcrnberg kenti,<\/p>\n

\"n_03\" 1960 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar asl\u0131na uygun olarak yeniden in\u015fa edildi. Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da savunma amac\u0131yla kurulan \u00e7ok kuleli surlarla kapl\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg, kilise, m\u00fcze, k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve tarihi \u00e7e\u015fmelere sahip.N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in en etkileyici yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan birisi ise Eski Nazi Partisi Dok\u00fcmantasyon Merkezi. Almanya\u2019y\u0131 \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen s\u00fcrecin foto\u011fraflar ve ekranlardan yay\u0131nlanan belgeseller arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezde, tur rehberine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmuyor. Ziyaret\u00e7iler, foto\u011fraf ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131, Almanca, \u0130ngilizce, Frans\u0131zca ve Rus\u00e7a dinleyebiliyor. N\u00fcrnberg, 1935\u2019ten \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019na kadar olan s\u00fcrede ya\u015fanan insan haklar\u0131 ihlalleri nedeniyle .\u2019\u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 ve Bar\u0131\u015f Kenti\u2019 olma misyonunu da \u00fcstleniyor. Kentteki Alman Ulusal M\u00fc zesi\u2019ne her iki yan\u0131nda \u2018Bar\u0131\u015f S\u00fctunlar\u0131\u2019 olan dar bir yoldan gidiliyor. M\u00fczede, Almanca konu\u015fulan \u00fclkelerden toplanan tarihi eserler, malzemeler, foto\u011fraflar, belgeler sergileniyor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Toplam 1 milyon 200 bin par\u00e7an\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcze, Almanya\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcrel tarihinin sergilendi\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcze konumunda, Surlarla \u00e7evrili eski N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in ortas\u0131nda ise \u2018Hauptmarkt\u2019 meydan\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Tarihte de ticaret merkezi olarak kullan\u0131lan alanda,bug\u00fcn \u00e7i\u00e7ek, sebze, meyve ve baharat\u0131n sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck standlar yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Meydan\u0131n bir k\u00f6\u015fesinde Frauen Kilisesi, \u00f6b\u00fcr k\u00f6\u015fesinde ise kendini \u00e7evreleyen demir parmakl\u0131l\u0131klar \u00fczerindeki halkalar\u0131 \u00e7evrildi\u011finde dileklerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fine inan\u0131lan \u2018G\u00fczellik \u00c7e\u015fmesi\u2019 bulunuyor. Hauptmarkt\u2019\u0131n pazarc\u0131 sakinleri, her y\u0131l temmuz ay\u0131n\u0131n son haftas\u0131nda yerlerini \u2018Bardentreffen\u2019 ad\u0131 verilen \u015fark\u0131c\u0131 ve besteciler festivaline terk ediyor. Kentin sanat konusundaki en \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 etkinli\u011fi ise \u2018Classic Open Air\u2019. Luitpoldhain ad\u0131 verilen \u00e7imenlikte d\u00fczenlenen klasik m\u00fczik konserleri, her y\u0131l temmuz, a\u011fustos ve eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor.<\/p>\n

Almanya\u2019n\u0131n ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck hayvanat bah\u00e7esi bu \u015fehirde bulunuyor. Kentte yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 bin T\u00fcrk ya\u015f\u0131yor. 1950\u2019li y\u0131llarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere bu kente gelen ve buraya Say\u0131s\u0131z m\u00fczesi, bozulmadan korunabilmi\u015f mimarisi, ihti\u015faml\u0131 kiliseleri, f\u0131skiyeleri ve meydanlar\u0131 ile N\u00fcrnberg, Alman K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn be\u015fi\u011fi say\u0131l\u0131r. Romal\u0131lar bu \u015fehri zaman\u0131nda bo\u015f yere Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nun \u2018Hazine Sand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 olarak anm\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u015eehrin cadde ve sokaklar\u0131n\u0131 gezmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcze ilk \u00e7arpan, asl\u0131na sad\u0131k kal\u0131narak restore edilmi\u015f yap\u0131lar. Geni\u015f cepheli, bol pencereli binalar ve duvarlar\u0131nda bulunan s\u00fcsler sizi adeta ge\u00e7mi\u015fe ta\u015f\u0131yor. III. Konrad N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in merkezine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda ah\u015fap zaman\u0131nda in\u015fa edilen \u2018Kayzer Kalesi\u2019 t\u00fcm ihti\u015fam\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Bir zamanlar asillere ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f olan bu binan\u0131n, mimari \u00f6zellikleri nedeniyle d\u00fcnyada bir benzeri bulunmuyor. Kule ile ana g\u00f6vde aras\u0131na yap\u0131lan ek bina ve say\u0131s\u0131z pencereden olu\u015fan bir \u00e7at\u0131ya sahip kalede bug\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitli fast food ve g\u0131da d\u00fckkanlar\u0131na rastlayabilirsiniz. N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te tarihi kiliselerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u015fehirde yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fte in\u015fa edilen say\u0131s\u0131z modern kilise de bulunuyor. En \u00f6nemli kiliselerden biri, halk taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok sevilen St. Lorenz (Aziz Lorenz) ad\u0131na in\u015fa edilen ve yap\u0131m\u0131 200 y\u0131l s\u00fcren St. Lorenz kilisesi. Gotik sanat\u0131n\u0131 yans\u0131tan kiliseden pazar yerine do\u011fru giderken, kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u2018Museumsbr\u00fccke\u2019\u00a0 (m\u00fcze kemeri) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. S\u00fcrekli sel alt\u0131nda kal\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131lan kemer, 1700 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamen ta\u015ftan ve \u00e7ift kemerli olarak yeniden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Hemen yak\u0131n\u0131nda bulunan \u2018Sebaldus Kirche\u2019 (Sebaldus kilisesi) ise, 120 y\u0131ll\u0131k titiz bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonucunda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici haline kavu\u015fmu\u015f. Kilisenin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi; bronzdan bir mezar olan \u2018Sebaltsgrab\u2019\u0131 (Sebald Kabri) i\u00e7inde bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131. Yeniden \u015fehir merkezine geldi\u011finizde kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za 18\u2019inci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda daha yenilik\u00e7i \u00e7izgilerle restore edilmi\u015f St. Elisabethkirche (Azize Elizabet kilisesi) \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Buradan do\u011fuya y\u00f6neldi\u011finizde ise, \u2018Katholische Frauenkirche\u2019 (katolik kad\u0131nlar kilisesi) ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz. Frankonya b\u00f6lgesinin ilk salon kilisesi olan binan\u0131n (tavan\u0131 y\u00fcksek ve geni\u015f bir salona sahip) bat\u0131 cephesinde bulunan \u2018Kunstuhr\u2019 (Sanat Saati), her g\u00fcn saat 12.00\u2019de, yedi derebeyine benzetilmi\u015f fig\u00fcrleri ile hareketlenip mekanik bir ge\u00e7it t\u00f6reni sergiliyor. \u015eehri gezmekten yorulduysan\u0131z ve mola vermek istiyorsan\u0131z, 284 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki N\u00fcrnberg G\u00f6zetleme Kulesi\u2019nde yemek yiyebilirsiniz. Kulede bulunan d\u00f6ner restaurantta bir yandan yemek yerken di\u011fer yandan \u015fehri seyredebilirsiniz.Yeme\u011fin ard\u0131ndan tatl\u0131 niyetine Almanya\u2019n\u0131n, ama \u00f6zellikle Bavyera eya letinin spesiyalitesi say\u0131lan Lebkuchen\u2019i (ball\u0131 ve bol baharatl\u0131 bisk\u00fcvi) deneyebilirsiniz. Geleneksel Lebkuchen yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan bal \u00e7ok masrafl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, Kaiser IV. Karl zaman\u0131nda b\u00f6lgedeki bal \u00fcretimi N\u00fcrnberg\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131narak a\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015fi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde art\u0131k bu tatl\u0131y\u0131 \u015fehrin t\u00fcm marketlerinde bulman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in mimarisi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginli\u011finin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra m\u00fczeleri de g\u00fczellikleri ve say\u0131ca \u00e7ok olmalar\u0131yla sizi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtacak. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fehirde tam 18 m\u00fcze bulunuyor. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlileri; \u00e7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sanat ve tasar\u0131m eserlerinin sergilendi\u011fi \u2018Neues Museum\u2019 (Yeni M\u00fcze) ve \u015fehrin son 950 y\u0131ll\u0131k genel tarihinden kesitler sunan \u2018Fembohaus\u2019 \u015fehir m\u00fczesi. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli m\u00fcze ise 1966\u2019dan beri d\u00fcnyaya N\u00fcrnberg\u2019ten ihra\u00e7 edilen oyuncaklar\u0131n sergilendi\u011fi \u2018Spielzeug\u00a0 Museum\u2019 (Oyuncak M\u00fczesi). 6000 metrekare alana kurulu ve sergileriyle \u00fcnl\u00fc \u2018Museum Industriekultur\u2019 (Sanayi K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc M\u00fczesi) ve Alman demiryolu tarihini sergileyen \u2018Museum f\u00fcr Kommunikation\u2019 (N\u00fcrnberg \u0130leti\u015fim M\u00fczesi), daha \u00e7ok bug\u00fcn\u00fc ve yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. Sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 bol \u015fehir D\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc bir\u00e7ok sanat ve zanaat\u00e7\u0131ya ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f olan N\u00fcrnberg, ressam Albrecht D\u00fcrer\u2019in (1471 – 1528) de do\u011fdu\u011fu ve y\u0131llarca ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehir. D\u00fcrer\u2019in m\u00fcze haline getirilen evini gezerken, sanat hayat\u0131n\u0131n en verimli 11 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm odalarda ve katlarda g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. \u00dcnl\u00fc ressam\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda cep saatini icat eden mucit Peter Henlein (1480 – 1542) ve daha pek \u00e7ok yetenekli\u00a0 heykeltra\u015f, m\u00fczisyen, \u015fair ve yazar N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6nem boyunca iz b\u0131rakt\u0131lar. Bu izlerden birka\u00e7\u0131 Hans – Sachs Meydan\u0131\u2019nda yer alan Hans Sachs abidesi ve 16\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131lda d\u00f6kme bronz ile r\u00f6nesans ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bulu\u015fturan Benedikt Wurzelbauer\u2019in f\u0131skiyesi. Bir di\u011fer \u015faheser ise meydandaki pazar yerine vard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan ve gotik havay\u0131 yans\u0131tan \u2018Sch\u00f6ner Brunnen\u2019 (G\u00fczel F\u0131skiye). F\u0131skiyenin kulesi ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00fczenini simgeleyen 40 de\u011fi\u015fik fig\u00fcr\u00fc titizlikle restore edilmi\u015f. F\u0131skiyeyi \u00e7epe\u00e7evre saran korkuluk ve \u00fczeri ndeki \u2018Alt\u0131n Halka\u2019 da tekrar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Bu korkulu\u011fa gev\u015fek bir \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f halkay\u0131 \u00e7eviren herkesin, bir g\u00fcn tekrar N\u00fcrnberg\u2019e geri gelece\u011fi inanc\u0131 yayg\u0131n. Alman ressam Albrecht D\u00fcrer , 21 Haziran 1471 y\u0131l\u0131nda N\u00fcrnberg\u2019te bir alt\u0131n i\u015fleme ustas\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu olarak d\u00fcnyaya geldi. \u0130lk \u00f6nemli \u00e7izimini sekiz ya\u015f\u0131nda yaparak \u00e7evresindekileri \u015f a\u015f\u0131rtansanat\u00e7\u0131,k\u0131sas\u00fcreeressam, \u00e7izer, grafiker ve yazar olarak yetene\u011fini sergiledi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bin y\u0131ll\u0131k tarihi,
\n\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Hitler\u2019in izini yok etmeye kararl\u0131
\nm\u00fcttefiklerin bombard\u0131man\u0131 alt\u0131nda yok olan Almanya\u2019n\u0131n N\u00fcrnberg kenti,
\n 1960 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar asl\u0131na uygun olarak yeniden in\u015fa edildi. Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u2019da savunma amac\u0131yla kurulan \u00e7ok kuleli surlarla kapl\u0131 N\u00fcrnberg, kilise, m\u00fcze, k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve tarihi \u00e7e\u015fmelere sahip.N\u00fcrnberg\u2019in en etkileyici yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan birisi ise Eski Nazi Partisi Dok\u00fcmantasyon Merkezi. Almanya\u2019y\u0131 \u0130kinci […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=130"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":306,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/130\/revisions\/306"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gazetealmanci.de\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}